Lagu anggun c sasmi6/21/2023 ![]() The treaty spoke of it as a new creation (Preamble and Article III), not as a vestige of the much larger Papal States (756–1870) that had previously encompassed much of central Italy. Vatican City was established as an independent state in 1929 by the Lateran Treaty, signed by Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri, on behalf of Pope Pius XI and by Prime Minister Benito Mussolini on behalf of King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy. The Pope is also the Head of State and Government of the Vatican City State. This makes Vatican City the smallest internationally recognized independent state in the world by both area and population. It has an area of approximately 44 hectares (110 acres), and a population of just over 800. Vatican City Listeni/ˈvætɨkən ˈsɪti/, or Vatican City State, in Italian officially Stato della Città del Vaticano (pronounced ), is a landlocked sovereign city-state whose territory consists of a walled enclave within the city of Rome.
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